Changing the gender is a complex process, but it is not impossible. Various surgical procedures are involved for changing natural sexual characters as per the medical requirements. Transgender operations have been introduced and is heavily practiced all throughout the globe. The process of transgender operation is commonly known as Sex Reassignment Surgery (SRS) or Gender Reassignment Surgery (GRS). The SRS (Sex Reassignment Surgery) includes both male-to-female and female-to-male transgender operations.

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At the beginning of the SRS, the hormone-producing organs are removed and later the sex organs or gonads are reassigned which are already present in the patient.

In the history of transgender operation, a lady named Dr. Alan C Hart, who was a TB specialist was the first one to have a female-to-male transsexual reassignment surgery because of her gender dysphoria. She went through hysterectomy and gonadectomy to become a transsexual in the year 1917. Later her legacy was followed by a plastic surgeon named Dr. Harold Gillies who developed modern techniques for sexual reassignment operations and termed it as “Phalloplasty.”

SRS Procedure

The procedure depends upon the type of sex reassignment surgery option selected. The SRS includes mainly of two types of surgeries:

• Male-to-Female sex reassignment surgery
• Female-to-Male sex reassignment surgery

The procedure of Male-to-Female sex reassignment surgery

The procedure includes the following steps:

• The reassignment initiates with hormone replacement therapy.
• The feminizing augmentation mammoplasty, facial feminization surgery, voice feminization surgery, and orchiectomy are performed in order to change the anatomy from male-to-female.
• For changing the anatomical sex, firstly the testicles are removed, and then the vagina is constructed using the patient’s gonads, which are called vaginoplasty.

Procedure for Female-to-Male sex reassignment surgery

This type of SRS includes the following methods:

• The procedure for changing from female-to-male genitalia is termed as masculinizing genitoplasty.
• The process initiates with hormone therapy and includes mastectomy and hysterectomy.
• For the construction of the penis, the tissue of labia of the patient is used.
• Masculinization surgeries include top surgery, metoidioplasty, scrotoplasty, and phalloplasty.

After the operation, the patient needs to follow certain precautions suggested by the doctor based on the type of SRS they undergo and take the prescribed medicines so that recover and adjust to the changes in their body with time.

In both the types of sex reassignment surgeries, whether female-to-male or male-to-female, the patient has to follow lifelong hormone replacement therapy for masculinizing or feminizing according to the type of transgender operation.